Here is a plan to teach students how to add and subtract mentally using place value and number bonds:

1. Introduction:
   • Begin by explaining to students that mental math is an important skill that can help them solve math problems quickly and efficiently.
   • Tell them that they will be learning how to add and subtract mentally using place value and number bonds, which will make mental math easier and more manageable.
2. Place Value:
   • Review the concept of place value with the students, emphasizing the value of each digit in a number.
   • Use visual aids, such as place value charts or manipulatives, to help students understand the concept better.
   • Practice identifying the place value of digits in different numbers, both orally and in written form.
3. Number Bonds:
   • Introduce the concept of number bonds, which are a way to break down a number into its component parts.
   • Explain that number bonds help us understand the relationship between numbers and can make mental math easier.
   • Use examples and visual aids to demonstrate how to create number bonds for different numbers.
   • Practice creating number bonds for various numbers, both orally and in written form.
4. Mental Addition:
   • Teach students how to add mentally using place value and number bonds.
   • Start with simple addition problems and guide students through the process of breaking down the numbers into their place value components and using number bonds to add mentally.
   • Provide plenty of practice problems for students to solve mentally, gradually increasing the difficulty level as they become more proficient.
5. Mental Subtraction:
   • Teach students how to subtract mentally using place value and number bonds.
   • Begin with simple subtraction problems and guide students through the process of breaking down the numbers into their place value components and using number bonds to subtract mentally.
   • Provide ample practice problems for students to solve mentally, gradually increasing the difficulty level as they become more confident.
6. Application:
   • Provide real-life examples and word problems that require students to use mental addition and subtraction using place value and number bonds.
   • Encourage students to explain their thinking and reasoning as they solve the problems mentally.
   • Offer opportunities for students to practice mental math skills independently and in small groups.
7. Review and Reinforcement:
   • Regularly review and reinforce the concepts of place value, number bonds, and mental addition/subtraction.
   • Use games, activities, and worksheets to provide ongoing practice and assessment of students’ mental math skills.
   • Offer additional support and intervention for students who may be struggling with the concepts or need extra practice.

By following this plan, students will develop a strong foundation in mental math skills, specifically in adding and subtracting mentally using place value and number bonds.