Collision resolution refers to the process of resolving conflicts that arise when two or more entities attempt to access the same resource or occupy the same space at the same time. In computer science, collision resolution is commonly used in hash tables, where multiple keys may map to the same index in the table. There are various techniques for resolving collisions, including chaining, open addressing, and probing. The goal of collision resolution is to ensure that all entities can access the resource or space they need without interfering with each other.