Title: The Age of Exploration: Unveiling the Motives behind European Exploration of the New World

Grade Level: 10th Grade

Subject: World History

Duration: 2 class periods (90 minutes each)

Objectives: 1. Students will understand the historical context and key events leading to European exploration of the New World. 2. Students will analyze and evaluate the various motives that drove European nations to explore the New World. 3. Students will develop critical thinking skills by examining primary and secondary sources to support their understanding of European exploration.

Materials: 1. Textbooks or online resources on European exploration and the New World. 2. Primary and secondary sources related to the motives behind European exploration. 3. Maps and visual aids depicting the routes and discoveries of European explorers. 4. Chart paper and markers. 5. Computers or tablets with internet access.

Procedure:

Day 1:

Introduction (10 minutes): 1. Begin the lesson by asking students what they know about European exploration of the New World. 2. Write their responses on the board and discuss briefly.

Historical Context (20 minutes): 1. Provide a brief overview of the historical context leading to European exploration, including the Renaissance, the Crusades, and the desire for new trade routes. 2. Explain how the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453 disrupted European trade with Asia, leading to the search for alternative routes.

Motives for Exploration (30 minutes): 1. Divide the class into small groups and assign each group a specific motive for exploration (e.g., wealth, religion, curiosity, fame, national competition). 2. Instruct each group to research and discuss their assigned motive, using textbooks or online resources. 3. Afterward, have each group present their findings to the class, highlighting key points and examples.

Primary Source Analysis (30 minutes): 1. Distribute copies of primary sources related to European exploration, such as excerpts from Christopher Columbus’ journal or letters from explorers. 2. Instruct students to analyze the sources individually or in pairs, considering the motives expressed by the explorers. 3. Facilitate a class discussion, asking students to share their observations and interpretations of the primary sources.

Day 2:

Review (10 minutes): 1. Begin by reviewing the motives for exploration discussed in the previous class. 2. Ask students to recall specific examples or evidence supporting each motive.

Mapping European Exploration (20 minutes): 1. Display maps depicting the routes and discoveries of European explorers. 2. Discuss the major explorers and their contributions, emphasizing the motives behind their voyages. 3. Encourage students to identify patterns or trends in the exploration routes.

Group Activity: Motive Analysis (30 minutes): 1. Divide the class into small groups and provide each group with a large sheet of chart paper and markers. 2. Instruct each group to create a chart or diagram illustrating the motives for exploration, using evidence from the previous discussions and primary sources. 3. Encourage creativity and critical thinking in organizing and presenting their findings.

Class Discussion and Reflection (20 minutes): 1. Have each group present their charts or diagrams to the class, explaining their reasoning and supporting evidence. 2. Facilitate a class discussion, comparing and contrasting the motives presented by different groups. 3. Encourage students to reflect on the complexity and interplay of multiple motives in driving European exploration.

Conclusion (10 minutes): 1. Summarize the main motives for European exploration of the New World. 2. Ask students to reflect on how these motives shaped the course of history and the impact they had on both European and indigenous societies. 3. Provide an opportunity for students to ask questions or seek clarification on any topic covered in the lesson.

Assessment: 1. Evaluate students’ understanding of the motives behind European exploration through their participation in class discussions and group activities. 2. Assess students’ ability to analyze primary sources by reviewing their interpretations and insights. 3. Assign a written reflection or essay where students explain the most significant motive for European exploration and support their argument with evidence from the lesson.