Lesson Plan: Modals - Have to vs Must

Level: A2

Introduction: - Greet the students and briefly review the concept of modals. - Explain that today’s lesson will focus on two modals: “have to” and “must.” - State the learning objectives: to understand the differences between “have to” and “must” and to use them correctly in various contexts.

Lesson Outline: 1. Warm-up Activity (5 minutes): - Show a picture of a messy room and ask the students, “What should the person do?” (Elicit responses using “should.”) - Introduce the concept of obligation by asking, “What do you have to do every day?” (Elicit responses using “have to.”)

1. Presentation (10 minutes):
   • Explain that “have to” and “must” are used to express obligation, but they have different meanings.
   • Present the meaning of “have to” by explaining that it is used for external obligations imposed by others or by rules.
   • Present the meaning of “must” by explaining that it is used for personal obligations or strong recommendations.
   • Provide examples for each modal and highlight the differences in meaning.
2. Guided Practice (15 minutes):
   • Distribute a worksheet with sentences containing gaps to be filled with either “have to” or “must.”
   • In pairs, students complete the worksheet, discussing their choices and reasons.
   • Monitor the students’ progress and provide assistance as needed.
3. Video Activity (10 minutes):
   • Show a short video clip that demonstrates situations where “have to” and “must” are used.
   • Pause the video at specific points and ask the students to identify which modal is being used and why.
   • Discuss the answers as a class, highlighting the correct usage of each modal.
4. Controlled Practice (15 minutes):
   • Provide a set of sentences related to daily routines, rules, and personal obligations.
   • In pairs, students take turns using “have to” or “must” to complete the sentences correctly.
   • Encourage students to justify their choices and discuss any differences in meaning.
5. Assessment (10 minutes):
   • Distribute a short quiz with multiple-choice questions, asking students to choose the correct modal for each sentence.
   • Collect the quizzes and review the answers as a class, providing explanations for any incorrect responses.
6. Wrap-up (5 minutes):
   • Recap the main differences between “have to” and “must.”
   • Encourage students to practice using these modals in their daily conversations.
   • Answer any remaining questions and provide additional clarification if needed.

Resources: - Video Resource: “Modal Verbs - Have to vs Must” (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abc123) - Worksheet Resource: “Have to vs Must” (https://www.teach-this.com/grammar-activities-worksheets/modal-verbs/have-to-vs-must)

Note: Adapt the lesson plan duration and activities based on the class’s pace and needs.