Lesson Plan: Constructing a Flowchart in Elective ICT

Grade Level: Senior High School (S.HS) 2 Subject: Elective ICT Topic: Constructing a Flowchart

Duration: 1 hour

Objectives: 1. Students will understand the purpose and importance of flowcharts in problem-solving and decision-making processes. 2. Students will learn the basic symbols and conventions used in constructing a flowchart. 3. Students will be able to create a simple flowchart to represent a given process or algorithm.

Materials: - Whiteboard or blackboard - Markers or chalk - Projector and screen (optional) - Computers or laptops with internet access (optional) - Handouts of flowchart symbols and conventions - Worksheet for exercise

Introduction: 1. Begin the lesson by asking students if they have ever encountered a situation where they needed to follow a series of steps to complete a task or solve a problem. 2. Explain that flowcharts are visual representations of these steps or processes, which help in understanding and communicating complex procedures. 3. Share examples of flowcharts used in everyday life, such as cooking recipes, assembly instructions, or decision-making processes.

Lesson Outline: 1. Introduction to Flowcharts (10 minutes) a. Define flowcharts and their purpose. b. Explain the benefits of using flowcharts in problem-solving and decision-making. c. Show examples of flowcharts and discuss their structure and components.

1. Flowchart Symbols and Conventions (15 minutes) a. Introduce the basic symbols and conventions used in constructing a flowchart, such as:
   • Start/End symbol
   • Process symbol
   • Decision symbol
   • Input/Output symbol
   • Connector symbol b. Display the symbols on the board or screen and explain their meanings and usage. c. Distribute handouts of the symbols and conventions for students to refer to during the exercise.
2. Constructing a Flowchart (20 minutes) a. Provide a step-by-step guide on how to create a flowchart: i. Identify the process or algorithm to be represented. ii. Start with the Start symbol and write a brief description of the process. iii. Add process symbols to represent each step or action. iv. Use decision symbols to indicate choices or conditions. v. Connect the symbols using arrows to show the flow of the process. vi. Include input/output symbols as necessary. vii. End the flowchart with the End symbol. b. Demonstrate the construction of a simple flowchart on the board or screen, involving student participation. c. Encourage students to ask questions and clarify any doubts.

Questioning and Assessment: 1. Throughout the lesson, ask students the following questions to assess their understanding: a. What is the purpose of a flowchart? b. Why are flowcharts useful in problem-solving and decision-making? c. What are some common symbols used in flowcharts, and what do they represent? d. How do you connect symbols in a flowchart to show the flow of a process?

1. Formative Assessment: a. Observe students’ participation and engagement during the lesson. b. Ask students to explain the purpose and meaning of specific symbols used in flowcharts. c. Evaluate students’ ability to construct a simple flowchart during the exercise.

Differentiation: 1. For students who need additional support: a. Provide extra examples and explanations of flowchart symbols and conventions. b. Offer one-on-one assistance during the exercise. c. Provide a simplified version of the exercise or allow students to work in pairs.

1. For students who grasp the concept quickly: a. Encourage them to create more complex flowcharts with multiple decision points. b. Challenge them to explain the flowchart construction process to their peers.

Exercise: 1. Distribute the worksheet for the exercise, which includes a scenario or algorithm that students need to represent using a flowchart. 2. Instruct students to follow the step-by-step guide provided earlier to construct the flowchart. 3. Allow students to work individually or in pairs, depending on their needs. 4. Circulate the classroom to provide guidance and support as needed. 5. Collect the completed worksheets for assessment.

Remarks: 1. Recap the main points covered in the lesson, emphasizing the purpose and importance of flowcharts in problem-solving and decision-making. 2. Encourage students to practice creating flowcharts for various processes or algorithms they encounter in their daily lives. 3. Provide additional resources, such as video tutorials or online interactive flowchart tools, for students to explore and enhance their understanding.

Resources: 1. Video Resources: a. “Introduction to Flowcharts” by Khan Academy: [insert link] b. “Flowchart Symbols Explained” by Study.com: [insert link]

1. Worksheet Resource: a. “Flowchart Exercise Worksheet” (PDF): [insert link]