While it is not possible to create an exhaustive list that guarantees the detection of an essay written by chatGPT (as the model is constantly evolving), here are some indicators that teachers can consider when determining if an essay has been written by chatGPT:

1. Incoherent or nonsensical content: ChatGPT can sometimes generate responses that lack logical coherence or contain irrelevant information. Look for inconsistencies, disjointed arguments, or nonsensical statements.

2. Lack of depth or critical thinking: ChatGPT tends to provide surface-level responses without much depth or critical analysis. If an essay lacks thoughtful insights, original ideas, or evidence-based arguments, it may be a sign of automated content.

3. Overuse of certain phrases or patterns: ChatGPT may exhibit repetitive patterns or use specific phrases excessively. Look for unusual repetition or an over-reliance on certain vocabulary or sentence structures.

4. Inaccurate or outdated information: ChatGPT’s responses are based on pre-existing data, which may not always be up to date. If an essay contains outdated or incorrect information, it could indicate that it was generated by chatGPT.

5. Unusual formatting or structure: ChatGPT may struggle with proper essay structure, paragraph organization, or citation formatting. If an essay lacks a clear introduction, body, and conclusion, or if the formatting is inconsistent or unusual, it might be a sign of automated writing.

6. Lack of personal voice or style: ChatGPT does not have a personal voice or style of its own. If an essay lacks the student’s unique voice, personal experiences, or writing style, it could suggest that it was not written by them.

7. Unusual word choices or language: ChatGPT may occasionally use uncommon or overly formal language inappropriately. Look for unusual word choices, complex sentence structures, or an unnatural tone that does not match the student’s usual writing style.

8. Immediate response to complex prompts: ChatGPT typically generates responses quickly, even for complex prompts. If an essay appears to have been written without sufficient time for research, planning, or revision, it may raise suspicions.

Remember, these indicators are not foolproof, and it is always best to approach the situation with fairness and open communication. If you suspect an essay has been written by chatGPT, consider discussing your concerns with the student and giving them an opportunity to explain or provide additional evidence of their work.