Listening Task: Characteristics of Sleep
Instructions: Listen to the following script about the characteristics of sleep and fill in the blanks with the missing words. You will hear the script twice.
Script:
Sleep is a fundamental aspect of our lives. It is a natural state of rest that allows our bodies and minds to recover from the day’s activities. But what are the characteristics of sleep? Let’s take a closer look.
Firstly, sleep is a _______ process. It is regulated by our internal body clock, which is also known as the circadian rhythm. This rhythm is influenced by external factors such as light and temperature, which can affect our ability to fall asleep and stay asleep.
Secondly, sleep is divided into different stages. There are four stages of sleep, each with its own _______ characteristics. The first stage is a light sleep, where we are still aware of our surroundings. The second stage is a deeper sleep, where our brain waves slow down. The third stage is a very deep sleep, where it is difficult to wake up. And the fourth stage is REM sleep, where our eyes move rapidly and we experience vivid dreams.
Thirdly, sleep is essential for our physical and mental health. During sleep, our bodies repair and regenerate tissues, and our brains consolidate memories and learning. Lack of sleep can lead to a range of health problems, including obesity, diabetes, and depression.
Fourthly, sleep patterns can vary between individuals. Some people are _______ owls, who prefer to stay up late and sleep in. Others are morning larks, who wake up early and go to bed early. These differences are partly determined by genetics, but they can also be influenced by lifestyle factors such as work schedules and social activities.
Finally, sleep can be disrupted by a range of factors. These include medical conditions such as sleep apnea and restless leg syndrome, as well as lifestyle factors such as caffeine and alcohol consumption. Stress and anxiety can also interfere with sleep, making it difficult to fall asleep or stay asleep.
In conclusion, sleep is a complex and essential process that plays a vital role in our physical and mental health. By understanding the characteristics of sleep, we can take steps to improve the quality and quantity of our sleep, and enjoy the many benefits that come with a good night’s rest.
Fill in the blanks:
- _______ process
- _______ characteristics
- _______ owls
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