Graphing Inequalities: Vocabulary and Examples
Vocabulary:
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Inequality: A mathematical statement that compares two quantities using symbols such as < (less than), > (greater than), ≤ (less than or equal to), or ≥ (greater than or equal to).
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Solution: A value or set of values that make an inequality true.
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Graph: A visual representation of data or mathematical equations on a coordinate plane.
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Coordinate Plane: A two-dimensional grid formed by two perpendicular number lines, the x-axis (horizontal) and the y-axis (vertical).
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x-axis: The horizontal line on a coordinate plane.
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y-axis: The vertical line on a coordinate plane.
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Open Circle: A hollow circle used to represent a value that is not included in the solution.
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Closed Circle: A filled-in circle used to represent a value that is included in the solution.
Examples:
- Graphing x < 3:
- Draw a number line and mark a closed circle at 3.
- Shade the line to the left of 3 to represent all values less than 3.
- The solution is all values to the left of 3.
- Graphing y ≥ -2:
- Draw a number line and mark an open circle at -2.
- Shade the line to the right of -2 to represent all values greater than or equal to -2.
- The solution is all values to the right of -2, including -2.
- Graphing x + y > 5:
- Draw a coordinate plane with the x-axis and y-axis.
- Rewrite the inequality in slope-intercept form: y > -x + 5.
- Start by graphing the line y = -x + 5, which has a y-intercept of 5 and a slope of -1.
- Since the inequality is y > -x + 5, shade the area above the line.
- The solution is all points above the line.
- Graphing 2x - 3y ≤ 6:
- Draw a coordinate plane with the x-axis and y-axis.
- Rewrite the inequality in slope-intercept form: y ≥ (2/3)x - 2.
- Start by graphing the line y = (2/3)x - 2, which has a y-intercept of -2 and a slope of 2/3.
- Since the inequality is 2x - 3y ≤ 6, shade the area below the line.
- The solution is all points below the line.
Remember to label the axes and provide a key explaining the meaning of open and closed circles. Practice graphing different inequalities to reinforce your understanding.
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