Title: Evolution of Operating System Designs

Slide 1: Introduction - Operating systems (OS) have evolved significantly over time to meet the changing needs of computer users. - This presentation will explore the key milestones in the evolution of OS designs.

Slide 2: 1. Monolithic Kernel - The earliest OS design, characterized by a single, large kernel that handles all system functions. - Examples: MS-DOS, Unix.

Slide 3: 2. Layered Architecture - Introduced to improve modularity and maintainability. - OS divided into layers, with each layer providing specific functionality. - Examples: THE, Multics.

Slide 4: 3. Microkernel - A minimalist approach where the kernel provides only essential services. - Additional functionality implemented as separate user-level processes. - Examples: QNX, MINIX.

Slide 5: 4. Virtual Machines - Introduced to enable multiple OS instances to run concurrently on a single physical machine. - Each OS instance runs in its own virtual environment. - Examples: VMware, VirtualBox.

Slide 6: 5. Client-Server Model - OS design where services are provided by separate server processes. - Clients request services from servers, which handle the requested tasks. - Examples: Windows NT, Linux.

Slide 7: 6. Distributed Systems - OS design that allows multiple computers to work together as a single system. - Enables resource sharing and fault tolerance. - Examples: Google’s distributed file system, Hadoop.

Slide 8: 7. Cloud Computing - OS design that leverages remote servers to provide scalable and on-demand computing resources. - Users access applications and data over the internet. - Examples: Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure.

Slide 9: 8. Mobile OS - OS design specifically tailored for mobile devices. - Emphasizes power efficiency, touch-based interfaces, and app ecosystems. - Examples: Android, iOS.

Slide 10: Conclusion - Operating system designs have evolved to meet the changing needs of computer users. - Each design has its own advantages and trade-offs, reflecting the diverse requirements of different computing environments.

Slide 11: References - List the sources used for this presentation.