Title: Present Tense - Spanish Grammar Lesson

Objective: By the end of this lesson, students will be able to understand and use the present tense in Spanish to describe actions happening in the present.

Introduction: ¡Hola estudiantes! Welcome to today’s Spanish grammar lesson. Today, we will be focusing on the present tense, which is used to talk about actions happening in the present. We will learn how to conjugate regular verbs and use them in context. Let’s get started!

1. Conjugation of Regular Verbs: In Spanish, regular verbs follow specific patterns when conjugated in the present tense. Let’s take a look at the three main verb endings: -ar, -er, and -ir.

a) -ar Verbs: To conjugate -ar verbs, we remove the -ar ending and add the appropriate ending based on the subject pronoun. Here’s the conjugation of the verb “hablar” (to speak):

Yo hablo (I speak) Tú hablas (You speak) Él/Ella/Usted habla (He/She/You formal speak) Nosotros/Nosotras hablamos (We speak) Vosotros/Vosotras habláis (You all speak) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes hablan (They/You all speak)

b) -er Verbs: To conjugate -er verbs, we remove the -er ending and add the appropriate ending based on the subject pronoun. Let’s conjugate the verb “comer” (to eat):

Yo como (I eat) Tú comes (You eat) Él/Ella/Usted come (He/She/You formal eat) Nosotros/Nosotras comemos (We eat) Vosotros/Vosotras coméis (You all eat) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes comen (They/You all eat)

c) -ir Verbs: To conjugate -ir verbs, we remove the -ir ending and add the appropriate ending based on the subject pronoun. Let’s conjugate the verb “vivir” (to live):

Yo vivo (I live) Tú vives (You live) Él/Ella/Usted vive (He/She/You formal live) Nosotros/Nosotras vivimos (We live) Vosotros/Vosotras vivís (You all live) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes viven (They/You all live)

1. Using Present Tense in Context: Now that we know how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense, let’s practice using them in context. Here are some examples:

a) Yo hablo español. (I speak Spanish.) b) Tú comes frutas todos los días. (You eat fruits every day.) c) Él trabaja en una oficina. (He works in an office.) d) Nosotros estudiamos para el examen. (We study for the exam.) e) Vosotros bailáis muy bien. (You all dance very well.) f) Ellos viven en Madrid. (They live in Madrid.)

1. Irregular Verbs: While most verbs follow regular conjugation patterns, some verbs are irregular in the present tense. Here are a few common irregular verbs:

a) Ser (to be): Yo soy (I am) Tú eres (You are) Él/Ella/Usted es (He/She/You formal are) Nosotros/Nosotras somos (We are) Vosotros/Vosotras sois (You all are) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes son (They/You all are)

b) Ir (to go): Yo voy (I go) Tú vas (You go) Él/Ella/Usted va (He/She/You formal go) Nosotros/Nosotras vamos (We go) Vosotros/Vosotras vais (You all go) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes van (They/You all go)

Conclusion: ¡Muy bien! Great job, students! In this lesson, we learned how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense and use them in context. We also briefly touched upon some irregular verbs. Keep practicing and using the present tense to describe actions happening in the present. ¡Hasta la próxima! (Until next time!)