Four-Kingdom Classification System:

1. Kingdom Monera:
   • Proponent: Ernst Haeckel (1866)
   • Characteristics: Consists of unicellular organisms without a true nucleus, including bacteria and blue-green algae.
2. Kingdom Protista:
   • Proponent: Ernst Haeckel (1866)
   • Characteristics: Consists of unicellular eukaryotic organisms, including protozoans, algae, and slime molds.
3. Kingdom Fungi:
   • Proponent: Carl Linnaeus (1753)
   • Characteristics: Consists of multicellular eukaryotic organisms that obtain nutrients by decomposing organic matter, including mushrooms, molds, and yeasts.
4. Kingdom Plantae:
   • Proponent: Carl Linnaeus (1753)
   • Characteristics: Consists of multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are photosynthetic, including plants, trees, and algae.

Schematic Diagram of the Four-Kingdom Classification System:

+-------------------+ | Kingdom Monera | +-------------------+ | | +-------------------+ | Kingdom Protista | +-------------------+ | | +-------------------+ | Kingdom Fungi | +-------------------+ | | +-------------------+ | Kingdom Plantae | +-------------------+

Five-Kingdom Classification System:

1. Kingdom Monera:
   • Proponent: Ernst Haeckel (1866)
   • Characteristics: Consists of unicellular organisms without a true nucleus, including bacteria and blue-green algae.
2. Kingdom Protista:
   • Proponent: Ernst Haeckel (1866)
   • Characteristics: Consists of unicellular eukaryotic organisms, including protozoans, algae, and slime molds.
3. Kingdom Fungi:
   • Proponent: Carl Linnaeus (1753)
   • Characteristics: Consists of multicellular eukaryotic organisms that obtain nutrients by decomposing organic matter, including mushrooms, molds, and yeasts.
4. Kingdom Plantae:
   • Proponent: Carl Linnaeus (1753)
   • Characteristics: Consists of multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are photosynthetic, including plants, trees, and algae.
5. Kingdom Animalia:
   • Proponent: Carl Linnaeus (1753)
   • Characteristics: Consists of multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophic and capable of locomotion, including animals.

Schematic Diagram of the Five-Kingdom Classification System:

+-------------------+ | Kingdom Monera | +-------------------+ | | +-------------------+ | Kingdom Protista | +-------------------+ | | +-------------------+ | Kingdom Fungi | +-------------------+ | | +-------------------+ | Kingdom Plantae | +-------------------+ | | +-------------------+ | Kingdom Animalia | +-------------------+