Theoretical framework refers to a set of concepts, assumptions, and principles that guide research and help to explain the relationships between variables. It provides a foundation for understanding the research problem and helps to identify gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed. According to Creswell (2014), a theoretical framework is “a structure that guides the research process by providing a conceptual framework for understanding the research problem and the relationships among the variables under investigation” (p. 69).

Theoretical frameworks can be drawn from various disciplines, such as psychology, sociology, economics, and education. For example, in a study on the impact of social media on mental health, the theoretical framework may be drawn from social psychology, which suggests that social comparison and self-presentation are important factors in the use of social media (Fardouly et al., 2018).

Theoretical frameworks can also be used to guide the development of interventions or programs. For instance, in a study on the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based stress reduction program, the theoretical framework may be drawn from mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, which suggests that mindfulness can help individuals to regulate their emotions and reduce stress (Kabat-Zinn, 1990).

In summary, a theoretical framework is an essential component of research that provides a conceptual framework for understanding the research problem and the relationships among the variables under investigation. It helps to guide the research process and identify gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed.

References:

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.

Fardouly, J., Diedrichs, P. C., Vartanian, L. R., & Halliwell, E. (2018). Social comparisons on social media: The impact of Facebook on young women’s body image concerns and mood. Body image, 26, 38-45.

Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness. Delta.