Afghanistan is a landlocked country located in South Asia, bordered by Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan.

The official languages of Afghanistan are Pashto and Dari, which are both Indo-European languages.

Afghanistan has a population of approximately 38 million people, with the majority being Muslim.

The capital city of Afghanistan is Kabul, which is also the largest city in the country.

Afghanistan has a rich cultural heritage, with influences from Persian, Indian, and Central Asian cultures.

The country has a long history of conflict, including invasions by Alexander the Great, Genghis Khan, and the British Empire.

The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979, leading to a decade-long war that resulted in the deaths of over one million Afghans.

The Taliban, an Islamic fundamentalist group, took control of Afghanistan in 1996 and ruled until 2001, when they were ousted by a US-led coalition.

Afghanistan is known for its natural resources, including copper, iron ore, and precious stones.

The country is also a major producer of opium, which is used to make heroin and is a major source of income for many Afghans.