Here is a plan to teach past simple to your 10-year-old students:

1. Introduction (5 minutes):
   • Begin the lesson by asking the students if they know what the past simple tense is.
   • Explain that the past simple tense is used to talk about actions that happened in the past and are now completed.
   • Give some examples of past simple sentences, such as “I played soccer yesterday” or “She watched a movie last night.”
2. Explanation (10 minutes):
   • Provide a clear explanation of how to form the past simple tense for regular verbs (add -ed to the base form of the verb).
   • Explain that there are also irregular verbs that do not follow this rule and have their own unique past tense forms.
   • Write down some examples of regular and irregular verbs on the board.
3. Practice with regular verbs (15 minutes):
   • Give the students a list of regular verbs and ask them to write the past simple form for each verb.
   • After they have completed the exercise, go over the answers together as a class.
   • Encourage the students to ask questions if they are unsure about any of the verb forms.
4. Practice with irregular verbs (15 minutes):
   • Provide a list of irregular verbs and ask the students to write the past simple form for each verb.
   • Once they have finished, review the answers as a class.
   • Highlight any patterns or similarities between the irregular verb forms to help the students remember them.
5. Speaking practice (15 minutes):
   • Divide the students into pairs or small groups.
   • Give each group a set of picture cards or prompts that depict different past actions.
   • In their groups, the students should take turns describing the pictures using past simple sentences.
   • Encourage them to ask follow-up questions to their partners, such as “What did you do after that?” or “How did you feel?”
6. Writing activity (10 minutes):
   • Ask the students to write a short paragraph or story using past simple sentences.
   • Provide them with a prompt or a few key words to help them get started.
   • After they have finished writing, have them share their stories with the class if time allows.
7. Review and wrap-up (5 minutes):
   • Recap the main points of the lesson, emphasizing the formation and usage of the past simple tense.
   • Ask the students if they have any questions or if there is anything they would like to review.
   • End the lesson by giving the students a small quiz or worksheet to assess their understanding of the past simple tense.