Plate tectonics: This process involves the movement and interaction of Earth’s lithospheric plates. It can result in various land features such as mountains, volcanoes, and earthquakes.

Erosion: Erosion is the process of wearing away and transporting of rocks and sediments by natural forces such as water, wind, and ice. It can create land features like valleys, canyons, and deltas.

Weathering: Weathering refers to the breakdown and alteration of rocks and minerals at or near the Earth’s surface. It can lead to the formation of land features such as cliffs, caves, and arches.

Deposition: Deposition is the process of sediment being laid down or deposited by natural forces. It can result in land features like beaches, sand dunes, and river deltas.

Glaciation: Glaciation involves the formation and movement of glaciers. It can shape the land by creating features like U-shaped valleys, moraines, and fjords.

Faulting: Faulting is the process of fractures or breaks in the Earth’s crust. It can result in land features such as fault lines, rift valleys, and escarpments.

Volcanism: Volcanism is the eruption of molten rock, ash, and gases from a volcano. It can create land features like volcanic mountains, lava flows, and volcanic craters.

Folding: Folding is the bending or curving of rock layers due to compressional forces. It can lead to the formation of land features such as folded mountains, anticlines, and synclines.