Lean manufacturing is a production philosophy that focuses on minimizing waste and maximizing efficiency in the manufacturing process. It is based on the principles of the Toyota Production System, which was developed in Japan in the 1950s. The goal of lean manufacturing is to create a streamlined production process that eliminates unnecessary steps, reduces lead times, and improves quality. This is achieved through the use of tools such as value stream mapping, continuous improvement, and just-in-time production. The benefits of lean manufacturing include increased productivity, reduced costs, improved quality, and greater customer satisfaction.