Lesson Plan: Positive and Negative Integers

Grade Level: 6th grade (age 11)

Objective: 1. Students will understand the concept of positive and negative integers. 2. Students will be able to identify positive and negative integers in real-life situations. 3. Students will be able to perform basic operations (addition and subtraction) with positive and negative integers.

Materials: - Whiteboard or blackboard - Markers or chalk - Worksheets with real-life situation questions - Pencils

Procedure:

1. Introduction (10 minutes) - Begin the lesson by asking students if they have ever heard of positive and negative numbers. Write the terms “positive” and “negative” on the board. - Ask students if they can give examples of positive and negative numbers. Write their responses on the board. - Explain that positive numbers are greater than zero, while negative numbers are less than zero. Use the number line to illustrate this concept.

2. Understanding Positive and Negative Integers (15 minutes) - Write a few positive and negative integers on the board, such as -5, 3, -8, 10, etc. - Ask students to identify which numbers are positive and which are negative. - Discuss the concept of absolute value and explain that it represents the distance of a number from zero. For example, the absolute value of -5 is 5. - Provide additional examples and ask students to determine the absolute value of each number.

3. Real-Life Situations (15 minutes) - Distribute worksheets with real-life situation questions involving positive and negative integers. - Instruct students to read each question carefully and identify whether the situation represents a positive or negative integer. - Allow students to work individually or in pairs to solve the questions. - Review the answers as a class and discuss the reasoning behind each response.

4. Operations with Positive and Negative Integers (15 minutes) - Explain that positive and negative integers can be added and subtracted just like regular numbers. - Write a few addition and subtraction problems on the board, such as -7 + 3, -4 - 6, 5 + (-2), etc. - Solve the problems step by step, explaining the rules for adding and subtracting positive and negative integers. - Provide additional practice problems for students to solve individually or in pairs.

5. Conclusion and Application (10 minutes) - Summarize the key points of the lesson, emphasizing the concept of positive and negative integers and their application in real-life situations. - Ask students to think of other real-life situations where positive and negative integers can be used. - Allow a few students to share their examples with the class.

Assessment: - Monitor students’ participation and engagement during class discussions and activities. - Review students’ completed worksheets to assess their understanding of positive and negative integers in real-life situations. - Evaluate students’ ability to perform addition and subtraction with positive and negative integers through their accuracy in solving practice problems.

Extension: For advanced students, introduce the concept of multiplication and division with positive and negative integers. Provide additional practice problems and discuss the rules for these operations.