Imagery: Shakespeare uses vivid imagery throughout Othello to create powerful mental pictures for the audience. For example, in Act 1, Scene 3, Iago describes jealousy as a “green-eyed monster” that “doth mock the meat it feeds on.”

Foreshadowing: Shakespeare uses foreshadowing to hint at future events in the play. For example, in Act 3, Scene 3, Iago warns Othello to beware of jealousy, foreshadowing the jealousy that will ultimately lead to Othello’s downfall.

Irony: There are several instances of irony in Othello, such as when Othello trusts Iago, who is actually plotting against him. This dramatic irony creates tension and suspense for the audience.

Soliloquy: Shakespeare uses soliloquies to give the audience insight into a character’s thoughts and feelings. For example, Iago’s soliloquies reveal his true motivations and manipulative nature.

Allusion: Shakespeare makes references to other works of literature and historical events in Othello. For example, Iago compares himself to the devil, alluding to the biblical figure of Satan.

Metaphor: Shakespeare uses metaphors to compare two seemingly unrelated things, creating a deeper meaning. For example, Othello describes Desdemona as a “jewel” that he must protect, highlighting his love and possessiveness towards her.

Symbolism: There are several symbols in Othello, such as the handkerchief that Othello gives to Desdemona as a token of his love. The handkerchief becomes a symbol of their relationship and ultimately leads to Desdemona’s downfall.