Title: Exploring the World of Positive and Negative Integers

Grade Level: 6th-8th grade

Learning Intention: Students will be able to add and subtract positive and negative integers using various strategies and real-life scenarios.

Lesson Outline:

1. Introduction (5 minutes)
   • Begin the lesson by asking students if they have ever encountered situations where they had to deal with positive and negative numbers.
   • Discuss real-life examples where positive and negative integers are used, such as temperature, bank transactions, or elevations.
   • Explain the importance of understanding how to add and subtract positive and negative integers in order to solve these types of problems.
2. Understanding Positive and Negative Integers (10 minutes)
   • Review the concept of positive and negative integers, emphasizing that positive numbers represent quantities greater than zero, while negative numbers represent quantities less than zero.
   • Use a number line to demonstrate the placement of positive and negative integers.
   • Provide examples of positive and negative integers and ask students to identify their positions on the number line.
3. Adding Positive and Negative Integers (15 minutes)
   • Introduce the rules for adding positive and negative integers:
     • When adding two positive integers, the sum is positive.
     • When adding two negative integers, the sum is negative.
     • When adding a positive and a negative integer, subtract the smaller absolute value from the larger absolute value and assign the sign of the integer with the larger absolute value.
   • Model several examples on the board, involving each of the above scenarios, and guide students through the process of adding the integers.
4. Subtracting Positive and Negative Integers (15 minutes)
   • Introduce the rules for subtracting positive and negative integers:
     • Subtracting a positive integer is the same as adding its opposite (negative) integer.
     • Subtracting a negative integer is the same as adding its opposite (positive) integer.
     • Subtracting a positive integer from a negative integer is the same as adding the opposite of the positive integer to the negative integer.
   • Model several examples on the board, involving each of the above scenarios, and guide students through the process of subtracting the integers.
5. Real-Life Applications (10 minutes)
   • Provide students with real-life scenarios where adding and subtracting positive and negative integers are necessary, such as calculating temperature changes or determining net gains/losses in financial transactions.
   • Have students work in pairs or small groups to solve these problems using the strategies learned in the lesson.
   • Discuss the solutions as a class, emphasizing the importance of understanding positive and negative integers in practical situations.
6. Practice and Consolidation (10 minutes)
   • Distribute a worksheet or provide online practice activities for students to reinforce their understanding of adding and subtracting positive and negative integers.
   • Circulate the classroom to provide assistance and feedback as students work on the practice problems.
   • Review the answers as a class, addressing any misconceptions or difficulties encountered.
7. Conclusion (5 minutes)
   • Summarize the key concepts covered in the lesson, including the rules for adding and subtracting positive and negative integers.
   • Encourage students to continue practicing and applying these skills in their daily lives.
   • Provide additional resources or online games for students to further practice their skills outside of the classroom.

Note: The duration of each section can be adjusted based on the pace and needs of the students.