Title: Types of Rocks

Objective: By the end of this lesson, students will be able to identify and describe the three main types of rocks (igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic) and understand how they are formed.

Materials: - Samples of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks - Pictures or diagrams of each type of rock - Chart paper and markers - Whiteboard and markers - Handouts with rock identification activities - Internet access (optional)

Introduction (5 minutes): 1. Greet the students and introduce the topic of rocks. 2. Ask the students if they have ever seen or collected rocks before. Discuss their experiences and what they know about rocks. 3. Explain that rocks are classified into three main types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Tell the students that today, they will learn about each type and how they are formed.

Body (45 minutes):

I. Igneous Rocks (15 minutes): 1. Show the students a sample of an igneous rock and ask if anyone can identify it. 2. Explain that igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock material (magma or lava). 3. Discuss the characteristics of igneous rocks, such as their texture (fine-grained or coarse-grained) and composition (silica content). 4. Show pictures or diagrams of different types of igneous rocks and discuss their names and features. 5. Engage the students in a hands-on activity where they examine and describe different igneous rock samples. Provide guidance and encourage them to use descriptive words.

II. Sedimentary Rocks (15 minutes): 1. Show the students a sample of a sedimentary rock and ask if anyone can identify it. 2. Explain that sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and compaction of sediments (weathered rock fragments, organic matter, or chemical precipitates). 3. Discuss the characteristics of sedimentary rocks, such as their layers (strata) and the presence of fossils. 4. Show pictures or diagrams of different types of sedimentary rocks and discuss their names and features. 5. Engage the students in a hands-on activity where they examine and describe different sedimentary rock samples. Provide guidance and encourage them to look for evidence of layering and fossils.

III. Metamorphic Rocks (15 minutes): 1. Show the students a sample of a metamorphic rock and ask if anyone can identify it. 2. Explain that metamorphic rocks are formed from the transformation of existing rocks through heat, pressure, and chemical processes. 3. Discuss the characteristics of metamorphic rocks, such as their foliated or non-foliated texture and the presence of minerals. 4. Show pictures or diagrams of different types of metamorphic rocks and discuss their names and features. 5. Engage the students in a hands-on activity where they examine and describe different metamorphic rock samples. Provide guidance and encourage them to look for evidence of texture and minerals.

Conclusion (10 minutes): 1. Review the three main types of rocks (igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic) and their characteristics. 2. Ask the students to share one interesting fact they learned about rocks during the lesson. 3. Distribute the rock identification handouts and allow the students to practice identifying different types of rocks. 4. Summarize the lesson and answer any remaining questions the students may have. 5. Assign a homework task where students can research and bring in a rock sample of their choice to share with the class in the next lesson.

Note: The duration of each section can be adjusted based on the pace of the class and the level of engagement. Additional activities or multimedia resources can be incorporated to enhance the lesson.