The seasons of the year are a natural division of the year based on changes in weather patterns, daylight hours, and temperature. Pupils aged 11 typically learn about the four seasons: spring, summer, autumn (fall), and winter. Here is a brief description of each season:

1. Spring: Spring occurs between March and May in the Northern Hemisphere and between September and November in the Southern Hemisphere. It is characterized by warmer temperatures, blooming flowers, and the return of animals from hibernation. Pupils learn about the growth of plants, the life cycle of animals, and the concept of renewal.

2. Summer: Summer occurs between June and August in the Northern Hemisphere and between December and February in the Southern Hemisphere. It is the warmest season of the year, with longer daylight hours. Pupils learn about outdoor activities, vacations, and the importance of sun safety. They also explore the concept of climate and how it varies in different parts of the world.

3. Autumn (Fall): Autumn occurs between September and November in the Northern Hemisphere and between March and May in the Southern Hemisphere. It is characterized by cooler temperatures, falling leaves, and harvest time. Pupils learn about the changing colors of leaves, the life cycle of trees, and the concept of migration as animals prepare for winter.

4. Winter: Winter occurs between December and February in the Northern Hemisphere and between June and August in the Southern Hemisphere. It is the coldest season of the year, with shorter daylight hours. Pupils learn about winter weather, snow, ice, and the adaptations of animals to survive in cold environments. They also explore cultural celebrations such as Christmas and New Year’s.

Overall, pupils aged 11 study the seasons to understand the cyclical nature of the year, the impact of seasons on the environment, and how humans and animals adapt to different weather conditions.