1. What invention did Mrs Dippy come up with to make her car go faster? (p. 33) Answer: Mrs Dippy invented a flywheel powered by a steam engine to make her car go faster. 2. Where did Mrs Dippy build her studio for inventing? (p. 41) Answer: Mrs Dippy built her studio for inventing in her backyard. 3. How did Mrs Dippy power her inventions? (p. 43) Answer: Mrs Dippy powered her inventions with steam engines. 4. What were the two major flaws in Mrs Dippy's car that stopped her from winning the race? (p. 44) Answer: The two major flaws in Mrs Dippy's car that stopped her from winning the race were overheating and leaking oil. 5. What materials did Mrs Dippy use to build her car? (p. 47) Answer: Mrs Dippy used wood and metal to build her car. 6. What did Mrs Dippy use the profits from her inventions to fund? (p. 52) Answer: Mrs Dippy used the profits from her inventions to fund her daughter's education. 7. What was the name of Mrs Dippy's daughter? (p. 53) Answer: The name of Mrs Dippy's daughter was Daisy. 8. What did Mrs Dippy's car look like? (p. 56) Answer: Mrs Dippy's car was a large, black, steam powered car with brass accents and a wood trim. 9. How fast was Mrs Dippy's car able to go? (p. 56) Answer: Mrs Dippy's car was able to reach speeds as high as 45 miles per hour. 10. What happened to Mrs Dippy's car after the race? (p. 56) Answer: After the race, Mrs Dippy's car was dismantled and Mrs Dippy used the parts to create more inventions.

1. At what time did Mrs Dippy decide to enlist the help of a helper? (p.21): Mrs Dippy decided to enlist the help of a helper at around 10am. 2. Where did Mrs Dippy go to try and find her helper? (p.22): Mrs Dippy went to the Magnolia Square market to try and find her helper. 3. Why did Mrs Dippy choose Walter? (p.23): Mrs Dippy chose Walter because he was the only person who listened to her offer of employment and seemed eager to take up the job. 4. What was the name of Walter's brother? (p.25): Walter's brother was named Harold. 5. What did Mrs Dippy give Walter for lunch? (p.28): Mrs Dippy gave Walter a sandwich and an apple for lunch. 6. What did Walter help Mrs Dippy do? (p.31): Walter helped Mrs Dippy feed the ducks at the park, search for coins in the pond, and tidy up the garden. 7. What did Mrs Dippy pay Walter? (p.32): Mrs Dippy paid Walter three dollars for his hard work. 8. Who approached Walter when he was leaving Mrs Dippy's? (p.34): Harold, Walter's brother, approached Walter when he was leaving Mrs Dippy's. 9. What did Harold tell Walter? (p.34): Harold told Walter not to trust Mrs Dippy and to avoid going back any time soon. 10. What did Harold give Walter? (p.35): Harold gave Walter a coin that he found in the pond.

1. Start by teaching the basics of rhythm. Show children a metronome, explain the different levels of beats and have them count out loud. This is an important skill for any musician. 2. Introduce the concept of a staff. Show children a blank staff, explain the lines and spaces, and have them find and name the notes. It's helpful to use imagery such as clapping their hands or stomping their feet for each note. 3. Demonstrate the different types of notes, from whole notes to eighth notes. Show children how these notes differ in length and duration. Have them clap, count and hum along with the melody. 4. Have children trace out a simple melody on a blank staff. This will help them understand both the written note and its sound. 5. After they become comfortable with notes, move onto dynamics, musical symbols, and other musical concepts. Teaching children music can be a very fun and exhilarating experience. 6. Finally, encourage children to play what they've learned. Once they understand the basics of reading music, they will be able to start developing their own compositions and express themselves through music. Encourage their success and curiosity.

Introduction Introduce the concept of vertical farming to the children by showing them a short video about it (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhJA7Zu8B3I). Explain to them the benefits of vertical farming in terms of sustainability, efficiency and safety. Talk about how vertical farming solutions support environmental sustainability in terms of reducing wastage, minimising land resources needed, and promoting safe and sustainable food production. Lesson Outline 1) Explain what vertical farming is and why it’s important in terms of sustainability. 2) Show a video of a vertical farm (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5KTzS-y0XgY) 3) Break the children into groups and give each group a task to research different vertical farms around the world. They can look into the different types of vertical farms and the impact they are having on the environment. 4) Ask the children to draw a diagram of a vertical farm and label the different parts and features. 5) Invite a representative from a local vertical farm to come in and give a short talk about their experiences and the impact vertical farming has had on sustainability. 6) Ask the groups to present their findings to the whole class. Encourage them to think of creative solutions to global environmental problems that vertical farming could help to solve. 7) Ask the children to write a creative piece of writing or poem about vertical farming, or create a picture or poster that promotes the idea of vertical farming to others. Questioning Throughout the lesson, ensure to ask the children open-ended exploratory questions to ensure they are engaging with the content of the lesson, e.g. “What do you think are the advantages of vertical farming?”, “What kind of environmental problems do you think vertical farming could help with?” Assessment Observe the children throughout the lesson, as well as their groupwork and presentations, in order to assess their understanding and engagement. Use this observation to provide feedback and support for the groups. Differentiation Provide additional resources for the more able children, such as an article about the latest developments in vertical farming (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-49243023). Allow time for the less able children to discuss the concept with their peers to better understand it before they are asked to create their pieces of work. Provide two versions of the creative pieces of work – one which allows for drawings and colours, and one which allows for more descriptive writing. Plenary Invite the children to discuss the concept of vertical farming and the impact it has on environmental sustainability. Ask them to think of suitability, cost, and other potential benefits and drawbacks of vertical farming, and how it fits into the wider context of environmental sustainability. Resources - Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhJA7Zu8B3I - Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5KTzS-y0XgY - Article: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-49243023 - Worksheet: https://www.twinkl.co.uk/resource/t-t-53119-vertical-farming-activity-sheet

1.“She’s going to be the Worst Witch they’ve ever seen!” (Page 35) – The other witches were worried that Mildred’s poor performance at magic meant she would not be a good witch. 2. “Mildred could barely believe her ears. She was in Miss Cackle’s Academy for Witches and these were real witches.” (Page 32) – Mildred had always fantasized about becoming a witch, so the reality that it was actually happening was hard to take in. 3. “Mildred had no idea of the chaos she was about to create!” (Page 40) – From her first errors in magic, Mildred unwittingly triggered a series of misadventures that unfolded unintended consequences. 4. “Mildred was so relieved to be back at the Academy that she vowed to try harder.” (Page 42) – Mildred learned her lesson the hard way and was determined to be a better witch.

1. “Mildred opened her spelling book and began to read. After a few seconds her eyes opened wide and she groaned in despair. How was she ever going to remember all those spelling words?” (Page 24) - Inference: Mildred was feeling overwhelmed by the amount of words she had to learn. 2. “You don't want to be a complete washout, do you? Miss Hardbroom said coldly, ‘eating sweets isn’t the answer’” (Page 33) - Inference: Miss Hardbroom was trying to tell Mildred that the sweets were not going to help her succeed. 3. “Miss Cackle knew Mildred was not a strong spell caster. It was obvious from the notes she had sent in from Miss Hardbroom each week” (Page 25) - Inference: Miss Cackle understood that Mildred had a lot to learn and was trying to help her by providing extra assistance. 4. “Mildred began to read, quite easily at first. Then, with a sinking heart, she realised that she didn't know the answer to even one of the questions” (Page 32) - Inference: Mildred was feeling very discouraged because she was unable to answer any of the questions.

1. "Although his life was full of hardships, nothing seemed to trouble him, and as he never told anyone of his loneliness, he was accepted by the other dogs." (Inference: Despite the hardships he faced, Bobby was resilient and was able to make friends even with his difficult circumstances.) 2. "Bobby knew enough to take shelter from the rain and the wind, and of course he was never cold, because his own little coat kept him warm". (Inference: Bobby was quite resilient in the face of adversity, as he knew to hide from the elements to keep himself warm and safe). 3. "At night he curled up as close to the church door as he could and slept there, until the youngest son of the minister came out and patted him, and Bobby knew that he was kindly meant." (Inference: Bobby was able to build a trusting relationship with the son of the minister, showing that Bobby was capable of forming deep connections with people.) 4. "The farmers could not believe the things the dog did, but they all agreed that he had to have been put on this earth with a purpose". (Inference: Bobby's loyalty and resilience made a deep impression on the people around him, convincing them that he had been sent to them for a greater purpose.)

1. What do you think Greyfriar Bobby's loyalty towards his master signifies about the bond between humans and animals? 2. How do you think Greyfriar Bobby's story can inspire us to be like him and to remain loyal to our loved ones? 3. What lessons can be learned from Greyfriar Bobby's story about the importance of friendship and love? 4. Why do you think Greyfriar Bobby was so loyal to his owner and chose to stay in the graveyard even after his master died?

Living in a city can be a great lifestyle for many people. Cities are filled with opportunities to experience culture, maintain sources of entertainment, and encourage career growth. They also tend to have more job and education opportunities, as well as a variety of housing and transportation options that can benefit their residents. For those reasons, cities provide many advantages over living in a small town or rural area. For starters, living in a city provides access to a wide range of cultural attractions and activities. Cities are typically home to a plethora of museums, art galleries, historical sites, and other landmarks that can offer unique experiences to locals and visitors alike. Being exposed to a diversity of cultures can be a great way to meet new people, build relationships, and expand one’s world view. Furthermore, cities provide many opportunities for entertainment, such as movie theaters, clubs, restaurants, and concerts, that are seldom found in smaller towns. Job opportunities are also plentiful in cities. On average, cities tend to attract more businesses and offer more job opportunities than smaller towns or rural areas. There is also typically a larger variety of jobs to choose from and more money to be earned. With more job options and bigger paychecks, city dwellers are often afforded more economic stability than those from smaller towns. Education is another area in which cities typically have a major advantage over smaller towns. Cities often feature higher quality schools and more varied educational programs. They also tend to have a larger number and variety of universities and colleges, allowing for more options when it comes to higher education. Additionally, most cities offer public transportation, which is key for college students to get to and from classes without having to own a car. Finally, cities tend to offer a larger selection of housing options than rural areas. Rental apartments, condos, and townhouses are all common options, oftentimes in close proximity to workplaces. This can be especially beneficial for those who work long hours or commute between different parts of the city. Furthermore, with the use of public transportation, city dwellers can save a lot of money on things like taxes, car insurance, and gasoline that people in small towns may have to pay. All things considered, living in a city can provide major advantages when compared to living in a small town or rural area. With an abundance of culture, entertainment, job, education, and housing options, big cities often offer a superior quality of life for those willing to take advantage of all that they have to offer.

It was the night before Christmas and I was so excited to see what Santa has in store for me! I made a list of all the presents I wished for and carefully hung my stocking by the fireplace. My family and I enjoyed a delightful Christmas dinner, complete with yummy roast potatoes, parsnips, carrots, a perfectly cooked turkey and of course, a delicious Christmas pudding for dessert. The anticipation was growing and it wasn’t long before it was time for me and my siblings to go to bed. But how could I sleep? After all, tomorrow was the big day! Eventually, I drifted off to sleep, full of hope and wonder. The sound of laughter woke me the following morning and sure enough, the magical presents from Santa were all around me! There were squeaky toys, glossy books, jumbles of art supplies and even a mini trampoline! I ripped open my presents, discovering secret treats within each parcel, such as cuddly teddies and vibrant cuddly toys. I was also given a brand- new shiny scooter! As I played outside with it, I felt an extraordinary surge of joy and excitement. The air was crisp and vibrant, and I felt close to the stars. Without a doubt, it had been an unforgettable Christmas! When I think back to that special day, I know I will always remember the feeling of the sparkling snowflakes glistening on my skin and the delicious smell of festive food lingering in the air. My Christmas was full of jubilation, beautiful surprises and Santa's wonderful gifts.